Sacrum and spine

Among the defects associated with anorectal abnormalities, deformities of the sacrum are more common, usually in the form of the absence of one or more sacral vertebrae. The prolapse of one vertebra is not particularly prognostic, while the absence of more than two vertebrae is a poor prognostic sign, given the function of both anorectal and urinary blocking mechanisms. Unfortunately, there is no definite data on the frequency and significance of other anomalies of the sacrum, such as napivhrebtsi , asymmetric buttocks, back – butt performance and ” drink -and- drink “. In the latter variant (“ drinks ”), marked insufficiency of the function of the anorectal sphincter is usually noted.

Genitourinary abnormalities

The frequency of genitourinary anomalies associated with anorectal defects varies from 20 to 54%. Among patients with anorectal abnormalities, 48% (of which 55% are girls and 44% of boys) have combined urogenital defects. The higher the localization of anorectal defects , the more often it is combined with urological abnormalities. In patients with persistent cesspool, lesions of the genitourinary system are observed in 90% of cases. Conversely, in children with low forms (perineal fistula), concomitant urological defects are noted in 10% of cases. With combined defects of the anorectal and genitourinary systems, the main causes of a high number of complications and high mortality are, as a rule, hydronephrosis, urosepsis and metabolic acidosis, which develop on background of decreased kidney function. All this emphasizes the need for a sufficiently thorough urological examination of patients with high forms of anorectal